Old Macdonald, The Itsy Bitsy Spider And So On - 1669 Words

Even before recognizing print on a page we introduced read-aloud through familiar songs, Old MacDonald, The Itsy Bitsy Spider and so on. There is clear evidence that the earlier a child is introduced to reading, the earlier children write. â€Å"There is no better way to create a love for books in children of all ages than by reading† (Vacca, 2015, p. 102) Here are some basic guidelines when reading to children: Do’s and Don’ts - Pick out a special time each day that they can expect to have your full attention. This builds anticipation and creates a bond. - When picking out literature keep the child’s age, gender, attention span, and personal interests in mind. An uninterested child is unlikely to pay attention to the story. Do not overwhelm the child with a complex storyline beyond their comprehension or emotional level. - Bring all of your personality to a story. Dramatize the characters and bring them to life. Excitement, suspense, and humor will draw in your audience. Do not chose a book with too much dialog. Children have a hard time understanding quotations. - Make reading fun and enjoyable. Do not make it a chore to dread. - Do not select a book that the child has seen on television. Once the plot is known they will lose interest. If possible read the book then watch the movie. - Allow free discussion and remain open to interpretation. Do not assume there is one right way to hear or imagine a story. Reading aloud to children develops the relationship of print toShow MoreRelatedpreschool Essay46149 Words   |  185 Pagespreschool programs must work to provide appropriate conditions for learning and assist each child to move along a pathway of learning and healthy development. All 50 states have either developed preschool standards or are in the process of doing so. Many states have aligned early learning standards with their kindergarten content standards. In most cases, those alignment efforts have focused on academic content areas, such as English–language arts or mathematics. In California, priority

The women in Othello are presented by Shakespeare as victims Free Essays

This question requires knowledge of how women were treated during the period ‘Othello’ was written and how they are treated during modern days. When this play was written, The Jacobean era, an overwhelming amount of evidence suggests that women were treated as inferiors to men. Women would usually be viewed as pure and divine before having sexual intercourse, but afterwards, they were often treated as low down human beings. We will write a custom essay sample on The women in Othello are presented by Shakespeare as victims or any similar topic only for you Order Now In general, they were allowed to be beaten, forced into labour and most did not have the right to an education. So the church would play an important role in everyday life for women, it was an occasion to look forward to. Every female church-goer would learn about the two biblical stereotypes for women, Mary and Eve. Mary was worshipped for being pure and flawless but Eve was castigated for her impurity and deceitfulness towards God. At the beginning of the play, Desdemona was apotheosised especially by Roderigo. She was named a white ewe in Act I, which highlighted her gentleness and purity. But similar in the way Mary and Eve are contrasted, Emilia is reified and treated as an object by Iago; this was the usual treatment for women during Jacobean times. In ‘Othello’ Desdemona is introduced as a woman that contradicts the stereotype of women during Jacobean times. She is described like a goddess by many men during the play, ‘She is indeed perfection’ is how Cassio describes her in Act I. Othello begins to think of her as his trophy and prized possession, but despite all the attention and praise she receives, she does not become arrogant or boastful and remains eloquent and lady-like, showing how she is worthy of being deified. Even when Othello is strangling her, he comments on her soft, white skin, he says it feels â€Å"as smooth as a monumental alabaster† This very surprising for the audience because at the point of nearly killing her he still treats her like a goddess. However, Emilia is treated as an object of no value by Iago. He often rejects her and He refuses to treat her with even a semblance of kindness. She is treated like a whore because Iago believes she has slept with another man without any hard evidence. She completes a mischievous deed for Iago, displaying her loyalty and desperation for any sort of love shown back to her. Desdemona seems to be praised a lot during the first act. But in fact, she is treated like an object. Iago says to Brabantio â€Å"Zounds Sir, you’ve been robbed. † This is reifying her because he is describing her like an item. Iago then mentions â€Å"The wine she drinks is made of grapes,† which is showing the audience that he has a strong belief that there is nothing special about her and she is just another possession. Desdemona is then called â€Å"A Land carrack,† which Othello has boarded. This further proves that Iago has a condescending attitude towards Desdemona and women in general. When Othello and Iago are in Venice, Iago pounces on this opportunity to tell Othello of the fallacious women of Venice. He says â€Å"In Venice they do let Heaven see the pranks they dare not show their husbands. † He says this to make Othello think of how he and Desdemona compare to this statement, preying on Othello’s ignorance. Shakespeare uses a lot of animal imagery during the play, sometimes in a complimentary fashion but most often, in a degrading manor. Audience from modern times will be shocked at the amount of sexist and racist animal imagery used. Iago calls her a â€Å"White Ewe† which many will probably view as a compliment, reflecting on her innocence and gentleness. But some might view it as an insult, saying that she is common and nothing special. Even Othello uses abusive terms towards women, he says to Desdemona â€Å"thou art false as hell† highlighting his complete lack of trust for Desdemona, both as his wife and as a woman. Yet Desdemona does not say anything of an abusive nature to Othello. In ‘Othello’ many people do not think of Cassio as the sexist type, he is portrayed to be well mannered and respectful up until he calls Emilia a ‘common thing’. This surprises many of the audience who thought of Cassio as the sole man in the play who respects women. But Shakespeare was obliged to do this if he wanted to show the audience that Cassio was a ‘normal’ Jacobean man. This suggests that he thought it was standard for men to call women such belittling phrases. Emilia is portrayed as naive and desperate when she is first introduced, she is so distant from her husband that she has no idea of what Iago has been trying to do. The most astonishing example is that after he steals the handkerchief for Iago, she still appears to have no idea of what he is trying to do, she just wants to do â€Å"nothing but please his fantasy. † Despite being made out to be the most naive woman in the play, she is the only woman to show signs of courage and feminism in her words. One of the first moments to do this is when she refers to men as ‘stomachs’. Even more significant is when she says â€Å"husbands fault if their wives do fall. † This is one of the earliest signs of feminism, or at the very least defiance in Shakespeare’s play. Bianca is the only other woman in ‘Othello’ along with Emilia and Desdemona. She is at first portrayed to be a prostitute and whore, although there isn’t any evidence that this is indeed her profession. The men in ‘Othello’ treat her like a ‘strumpet’ and a stereotype of impure women during the Jacobean times. She is able to prove her stereotype wrong by standing up to some of the abuse she takes from Iago. In a manipulative fashion, Iago tries to use the condescending view towards Bianca to his advantage. He assumes nobody will believe her or take her seriously because many of the male characters believe she is a lying and deceitful whore. So he blames the injury of Cassio and death of Roderigo on her. When talking about the incident he says â€Å"this is the fruit of whoring,† which is referring to the fact he wants people to believe it was her. This statement is about whether Shakespeare has written a misogynistic play by presenting the women as victims’. Having established how the women are treated differently and similarly in the play, we can look at a very important scene which shows how the women in the play talk about their husbands. This scene is the willow scene where they talk about events that have happened and how their husbands are behaving. Emilia says that she would do something impure and evil if it would lead to her earning money. This is because Emilia has come from a poor background where money was scarce and very precious. But in Contrast, Desdemona says she would never do such a thing because money is not so important to her due to a wealthy background, this shows She uses morals as motivation rather than money. Then, to confirm to any doubters in the audience, she says she would rather die than cheat on her husband Othello. This is a very bold action that Shakespeare uses to highlight her purity and faithfulness. Desdemona has proved many stereotypes for white, wealthy women in Jacobean times wrong; she has married a Black man and firmly stated that she believes in strong morals. This proves that she is strong enough to stand up for herself despite the abuse and criticism she receives. It would be very unusual for this to be true, not that a woman would do these things, but that she would be able to stand up to the racism and sexism of those around her. Shakespeare is very quick to use the derogatory nature of men’s views on women to add extra effect to the play. For many people, he is too quick and too eager to perceive women as victims. The definition of a victim is a ‘a person who is deceived or cheated, as by his or her own emotions or ignorance, by the dishonesty of others, or has suffered from destructive or injurious action’. But Shakespeare, during Jacobean times, may not have been seen to present women as particular victims of this play. In modern day life many people will agree that he is on the border of extremity with the amount of sexism in ‘Othello’ whether or not he wanted women to be victims of this play. Many people will agree that the women are victimised by Iago and the people Iago he has manipulated. Othello was an equal if not greater victim than Desdemona, not because he died but he was a victim of his own gullibility, ‘his or her own emotions or ignorance’. He did not once think of believing what Desdemona said or even placing all his trust in her, his wife. So he is a much greater victim in this play than Desdemona, Emilia and Bianca put together. Although there are an overwhelming amount of incidents to show that women have suffered from this play, Shakespeare may have hidden a few signs of feminism in what Emilia said and the way Bianca stood up against the Jacobean stereotypes. We will never know why Shakespeare wrote this play, whether it was to be derogatory towards black men or perhaps to explore the possibilities of defying the sexist and racist stereotypes of Jacobean times. How to cite The women in Othello are presented by Shakespeare as victims, Papers

Apple Inc Customer Satisfaction Melbourne

Question: Discuss about the Apple Inc Customer Satisfaction Melbourne. Answer: Introduction: Apple Inc is one of the most noted and reputed software companies of the world. It is considered to be one of the biggest manufacturers of ace software products. It is one of the most prestigious global brands which is given a lot of importance to the aspect of customer satisfaction. This is more than evident from the kind of operations which is ongoing in the Melbourne retail store of Apple Inc. In fact it can be said that it is due to this niche attention that has been provided to the said aspect leading to the growth and the development of the company. This is the very fact that has helped the brand to attain such a lot of success and prestige on a global basis and the brand of Apple Inc happens to be one of the most prestigious brands of the world(apple3, 2016). In the current discussion we will be analysing the existing literature on the said concern that shall highlight the fact that Apple Inc has always given a lot of importance to the aspect of customer satisfaction, a trend that will be evident from the operations of the retail store of the brand in Melbourne Review: According to Joe Rossignol (2016), Apple Inc, is a brand that has a global repute. It is considered to be at par with the other brands such as Samsung, Lenovo etc. In the past years it has been seen that the brand did have a great index or statistics of customer satisfaction. Apple Inc. has been in the rat race with the other reputed brands that have been mentioned. However the reports and the survey calculations of the year 2016 have proven the fact that the management of the company have been giving a greater importance to the perspective of customer satisfaction. As a result of the same it has been seen that the brand has attained a much higher customer satisfaction as compared to Samsung and some of the other renowned worldwide brands. This is a direct indication of the fact that the company gives a huge importance to the aspect of customer satisfaction(Rossignol, 2016). According to Ben Lovejoy (2016), the trends here the management of the company has revealed the trend that the research and development activities and plans of the company are often based on the customer feedback that are received from the retail outlets of the company,. This is something that can be correlated with the information that has been attained from various Apple Inc retail outlets all across the world. One of them also happens to be the Apple retail outlet in Melbourne (Lovejoy, 2016). According to Jim Woods (2007), it seems that there is a very diligent process through which the customer feedback is taken on the various Apple Inc devices and softwares that they have been using. In the same feedback suggestions are asked for from the customers that could be taken up by the company for bringing an improvement in the services and the products of the company. This is a very direct and a clear indication of the fact that the element of customer satisfaction happens to be very important for the company. In this context it can also be said that this is the basic dint on which the developmental and the growth strategies of the brand are drawn and developed. It will be quite exact to say that since this is the guiding philosophy of the company it has been able attain its current position(Woods, 2007). According to Katherine Johnson, Yang Li, Hang Phan, Jason Singer and Hoang Trinh (2012), the Melbourne Apple outlet has followed the theory and the strategy of the company management as per which the company happens to be collecting the feedback from the customers so that their products and services can be improved. In this context we see that the retail outlet has developed a special form that is given out to each of the customers. This form happens to be mandatory for those customers who have made a purchase of any item from the company. In this case we see that this is a practise that gives a great deal of importance to the aspect of the opinions and the ideas of the customers. The customers are asked about the features and the benefits of the Apple Inc products. This provides the management of the company with a great information gamut that gives the idea about the way their products are being accepted in the market. This entire project is a conscious effort on the part of the ma nagement of the company(Johnson et al., 2012). According to Killian Bell (2016), it clearly indicates at the theories and the vision of the company that the customers happen to be the important elements. It is on the dint of the customers and their feedbacks and their reactions for the products of the company that clearly allows the company to enjoy their dominant position in the global market. Hence the aspect of the customer satisfaction and their opinion about the products of the company happens to be so very important for the management. This is the philosophy that is given out to all the retail stores that are opened across the world. The same can also be seen in the functional pattern of the Melbourne retail outlets of the brand. In this case it is clear that all the developmental projects of the company are done with the customers and their satisfaction kept in mind. This helps the company to attain a continued success in the market(Bell, 2016). As per the Changewave (2007), it can be said that the management of the company has taken the whole aspect to a different level as well. In the recent times the management of the company is no longer happy and content with the aspect of customer satisfaction. In fact it is just no longer enough to satisfy the customers. What matters the most is customer delight. The new motto of the management of the company is to delight the customers of the brand that can bring greater success to the brand on a global basis. In this context it can be said that the brand is looking ahead to make the customers of the brand really delighted and awed by the products and the services of the company. This is one of the main reasons why the brand is looking to make new breakthroughs in the field. This is a fact that shall help the company to attar and allure the customers in the best possible manner. In this context it has been seen that the management of the company has been designing new strategies as p er which they are trying to provide their customers something new every time they come to the retail outlets of the brand of Apple. Hence it is not just the quality of the product and the features that they are offering, but the other aspects are also being looked into. The entire experience of visiting the retail outlet has to be special one. Hence new offers and schemes are being drawn and new strategies are being made that can attract the customers better(Changewave, 2007). According to Micah Solomon (2016), the managements and the marketing team of the company happen to be in a loop with the retail outlets of the company. In this loop we see that the company is asking the real brand to be very sure of the kind offers and the services that they are providing. Each of the customers has to receive a personalized attention and again they must be attended with care and respect(Solomon, 2016). According to Tom Krazit (2008), the aspect of quality is very important for the management of the company, Apple as a company has always been keen to provide the most competent quality to their customers. This ensures that the customers get the value of the money they happen to be spending on the products and the services of the company. This is very important for the success of the company. In fact this is one of the aspects that have helped the company to attain success in the company. This is something that can be easily seen in the operations of the retail store Melbourne. In this context we see that the brand has never compromised on the aspect of the quality and hence can be associated with trust. In fact one can say that the elements of trust and that of customer satisfaction happen to be two sides of the am coin. This theory is taken to be the final truth for the operations of the brand if Apple(Krazit, 2008). Comparative Analysis of authors idea and arguments: All the authors that have been discussed in the above part of the discussion deal with the world of fast changing technology and its various components. The opinions from the authors have clearly indicated at the fact that customer satisfaction, or further still customer delight is an aspect that drives the business strategy of Apple Inc. However the concern of customer delight has been discussed from various aspects. On certain situations it has been discussed as the moving principle of the business tactics. Again in other cases it has been decided to be the guiding principle that leads the research and developmental endeavours of the company. Again according to M. Solomon customer satisfaction serves as an index that can help the marketing department to design more aggressive campaigns. The same has been mentioned or opined by Change wave where we see that the strategy of attaining customer delight is being served the maximum attention. Again it indicates at the business strategy o f the company. Quintessentially it can be said that all the authors unanimously agree to the fact that the aspect of customer satisfaction is the best index that can relate to the aspect of the acceptability of the brand in the market. Again it shall indicate at the changes that should come in the company for betterment in the future. This is something that will help the company to penetrate better into the market and attract a better gamut of customer in the future. The authors have dealt with the aspect of customer satisfaction and its importance in apple from different levels. The major deciding point will be the chosen retail shop in Melbourne. The opinions and the literature also suggest that Apple is working in a closed circuit where the main management is in a close liaison with the rest of the retail outlets. It indicates at the business plans and designs of the company. It shows and reflects the centralized control within the company that is driving the entire organization and all its stakeholders towards one direction attainment of maximum customer delight. Conclusion: On a final note it can be said that the analysis of the literature that is present on the current topic clearly indicates at the fact that the company of Apple Inc gives a good amount of importance to the aspect of customer satisfaction. This is clearly stated from the way its various retail outlets are operating across the world. The example of the retail outlet of Apple in Melbourne tells us that the brand gives a lot of importance to customer satisfaction. In fact we see that the company is increasingly aiming to attain customer delight. This is highly important since on the basis of the same company happens to be planning its development in the future years. All the projects of development and growth that is happening in the company are done from the perspective of how the same would be received by the customers. End of the day it will not be too wrong to assume that the companys all new projects depend on the way they are being received by the customers in the final market. References: apple3, 2016. Customer satisfaction. [Online] Available at: https://www.apple3.org/Documents/Manuals/a3sosrm.pdf [Accessed 04 April 2017]. Bell, K., 2016. Apple beats Samsung in customer satisfaction, but only just. [Online] Available at: https://www.cultofmac.com/431103/apple-beats-samsung-in-customer-satisfaction-but-only-just/ [Accessed 04 April 2017]. Changewave, 2007. The Apple iPhone and Consumers. [Online] Available at: https://www.changewave.com/assets/alliance/reports/iphone_20070810/iphone_20070810.pdf?ncid=txtlnkusaolp00000618 [Accessed 04 April 2017]. Johnson, K. et al., 2012. The Innovative Success that is Apple, Inc. [Online] Available at: https://mds.marshall.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1420context=etd [Accessed 04 April 2017]. Krazit, T., 2008. Apple customer satisfaction scores gain. [Online] Available at: https://www.cnet.com/news/apple-customer-satisfaction-scores-gain/ [Accessed 04 April 2017]. Lovejoy, B., 2016. Apple beats Samsung by just one percent in American Customer Satisfaction Index. [Online] Available at: https://9to5mac.com/2016/06/01/american-customer-satisfaction-index-apple/ [Accessed 04 April 2017]. Rossignol, J., 2016. Apple Edges Samsung to Top U.S. PC Customer Satisfaction Survey for 13th Consecutive Year. [Online] Available at: https://www.macrumors.com/2016/09/27/apple-tops-pc-customer-sat-13th-year/ [Accessed 04 April 2017]. Solomon, M., 2016. Is Customer Satisfaction Useless? (Let's Ask Apple And Nordstrom.). [Online] Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/micahsolomon/2016/12/05/is-customer-satisfaction-useless-lets-ask-apple-and-nordstrom/#1f83fa295b81 [Accessed 04 April 2017]. Woods, J., 2007. Apple's iPhone Builds Huge Lead in Customer Satisfaction. [Online] Available at: https://seekingalpha.com/article/50765-apples-iphone-builds-huge-lead-in-customer-satisfaction [Accessed 05 April 2017].